A client wants to use a definition of compensation that qualifies as a 414(s) safe harbor for purposes of contribution and testing. Specifically, they want to define compensation as wages, etc. but excluding reimbursements/expense allowances, fringe benefits, moving expenses, deferred compensation, and welfare benefits (mirroring 1/414(s)-1©(3)). From a factual perspective, they do not want to have to include noncash items (e.g., use of company car, gift certificates awards, etc.) in the amount from which employees are permitted to defer. Potential contributions to the plan include elective deferrals, matching contributions and employee after-tax contributions.
Questions:
(1) Can such a plan use a 414(s) safe harbor definition of comp for both testing AND contribution? That seems odd to me from a logical perspective in the sense that a comp def that satisfies 415©(3) satisfies 414(s), but here they're using a def that satisfies 414(s) but not 415©(3) . . .
(2) If the answer to (1) is yes, mustn't the plan use a different definition of comp for other purposes in the plan - e.g, defining HCEs, Key EEs, etc.? And, in that event, doesn't the plan need a separate definition of comp for those purposes? (Noting then that def would need to comply with the 415 regs.)
(3) Would these answers change if the plan permitted a discretionary profit-sharing contribution? Would that only come into play in years the employer opted to make such a contribution?