Self-funded plans are not required to cover essential health benefits (EHBs), but if they do, they cannot place dollar limits on them. However, the air ambulance can be capped, because it is not clear that it is considered an EHB (unlike normal ambulance transport coverage). There is mention of Air Ambulance services in the ACA, but not relative to benefits - only in regard to payments/allowable rates for those services. My colleagues and I interpret this to mean a self-funded plan could place limits on the benefit with a maximum per trip amount. Of course, even if this was an EHB, I would look at the state benchmark plans to see if any of them have limitations on air ambulance services. If one does, a self-funded plan is allowed to follow the benchmark of any state, as long as their benefits are consistent with that state, they remain in compliance. Some commenters requested clarification as to whether air ambulance transport and other emergency transportation is within the scope of the term “emergency services.” The Departments decline to provide a rule addressing this issue. These final regulations continue to provide that the terms emergency medical condition, emergency services, and stabilize have the meaning given to those terms under EMTALA, section 1867 of the Social Security Act.[88] - https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2015/11/18/2015-29294/final-rules-for-grandfathered-plans-preexisting-condition-exclusions-lifetime-and-annual-limits