"During the late 1990s, there was a substantial cultural, media and legal backlash against the cost-containment practices of managed care organizations (particularly, HMOs).... [T]he backlash had a strong effect on health care costs, and can statistically explain much of the rise in health spending as a share of U.S. GDP between 1993 and 2005 (amounting to 1% to 1.5% of GDP).... [The author concludes that] managed care was largely successful in keeping health care costs on a sustainable path relative to the size of the economy."  MORE >>